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Bug #17221

Updated by ko1 (Koichi Sasada) over 3 years ago

Using `Fiber#transfer` with `Fiber#resume` for a same Fiber is limited (once `Fiber#transfer` is called for a fiber, the fiber can not be resumed more). 

 ```ruby 
 require 'fiber' 
 f1 = nil 
 f2 = Fiber.new{ 
   f1.transfer 
 } 
 f1 = Fiber.new{ 
   f2.transfer 
   Fiber.yield 10 
   Fiber.yield 20 
 } 
 p f1.resume #=> 10 
 p f1.resume #=> `resume': cannot resume transferred Fiber (FiberError) 
 ``` 

 This restriction was introduced to protect the resume/yield chain, but we realized that it is too much to protect the chain. 

 Instead of the current restriction, we introduce some other protections. 

 (1) can not transfer to the resuming fiber. 

 ```ruby 
 require 'fiber' 

 root = Fiber.current 
 f1 = f2 = nil 

 f1 = Fiber.new{ 
   f2 = Fiber.new{ 
     root.transfer(10) 
   } 
   f2.resume 
 } 

 p f1.transfer #=> 10 

 # root <-----+ 
 #    |           | 
 #    v           | transfer 
 #    f1 -> f2 -+ # resume/yield chain 


 # horizontal direction: resume 
 # vertical direction: transfer 

 p f1.transfer #=> attempt to transfer to a resuming fiber (FiberError) 

 # f1 has it's own resume/yield chain, and f1.transfer breaks the chain 

 # root <-----+ 
 #    || (error)| 
 #    vv          | 
 #    f1 -> f2 -+ # resume/yield chain 
 ``` 

 (2) can not transfer to the yielding fiber. 

 ```ruby 
 require 'fiber' 

 f1 = f2 = nil 

 f1 = Fiber.new{ 
   f2 = Fiber.new{ 
     Fiber.yield 
   } 
   f2.resume 
   10 
 } 

 p f1.transfer #=> 10 

 # root  
 # | ^ 
 # | | transfer 
 # v | 
 # f1 --> f2 # resume/yield chain 
 #      <-- 

 p f2.transfer #=> `transfer': attempt to transfer to an yielding a resuming fiber (FiberError) 

 # f2 is waiting for the resume, so the transfer is not allowed. 

 # root --+ 
 # | ^      | transfer (error) 
 # | |      | 
 # v |      v 
 # f1 --> f2 # resume/yield chain 
 #      <-- 

 ``` 

 (3) can not resume transferring fiber. 

 ```ruby 
 require 'fiber' 

 f1 = f2 = nil 

 f2 = Fiber.new{ 
   f1.resume #=> attempt to resume the transferring fiber (FiberError) 
 } 
 f1 = Fiber.new{ 
   f2.transfer 
 } 
 f1.transfer 

 # root 
 # | 
 # v 
 # f1 <-+ 
 # |      | 
 # v      | resume (error) 
 # f2 --+ 

 # f1 seems waiting for transfer from other fibers. 
 ``` 

 (4) can not yield from not-resumed fiber 

 ``` 
 require 'fiber' 

 f2 = Fiber.new do 
   Fiber.yield #=> `yield': attempt to yield on not resumed fiber (FiberError) 
 end 

 f1 = Fiber.new 
   f2.transfer 
 end 

 p f1.transfer 

 #       root 
 #       | 
 #       v 
 #       f1 
 #       | 
 #       v 
 #    <- f2 
 #    yield to where ...? (2.7 switches to root fiber) 
 ``` 

 and remove current restriction. The first example works fine: 

 ```ruby 
 require 'fiber' 
 f1 = nil 
 f2 = Fiber.new{ 
   f1.transfer 
 } 
 f1 = Fiber.new{ 
   f2.transfer 
   Fiber.yield 10 
   Fiber.yield 20 
 } 
 p f1.resume #=> 10 
 p f1.resume #=> 20 


 # root -> f1 <-+ 
 #           |      | 
 #           v      | 
 #           f2 --+ 
 ``` 

 The basic idea is respect *programmer's intention*. 

 For (1), resuming fiber should be switched by the `Fiber.yield`. 
 For (2), yielding fiber should be switched by the `Fiber#resume`. 
 For (3), transferring fiber should be switched by the `Fiber#transfer`. 

 Mainly (1) can keep the resume/yield chain. Also (2) and (3) makes the chain and relationships with fibers cleanly. 

 ---- 

 Also at the end of a transferred fiber, it had continued on root fiber. 

 However, if the root fiber resumed a fiber (and that fiber can resumed another fiber), this behavior also breaks the resume/yield chain. 
 So at the end of a transferred fiber, switch to the edge of resume chain from root fiber. 
 For example, root fiber resumed f1 and f1 resumed f2, transferred to f3 and f3 terminated, then continue from the fiber f2 (it was continued 
 from root fiber without this patch). 

 ```ruby 
 require 'fiber' 
 f3 = Fiber.new{ 
   10 
 } 
 f2 = Fiber.new{ 
   f3.transfer + 20 
 } 
 f1 = Fiber.new{ 
   f2.resume 
 } 
 p f1.resume #=> 30 

 # without this patch: 
 # 
 # root -> f1 -> f2 
 #    ^               | 
 #    | exit          v 
 #    +----------- f3 

 # with this patch: 
 # 
 # root -> f1 -> f2 <-+    # keep resume/yield chain 
 #                 |      | 
 #                 v      | 
 #                 f3 --+ exit 
 ``` 

 The patch is: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/3636

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